今天適普(pu)益康體育(yu)給大家介紹下網(wang)(wang)(wang)球(qiu)場地的(de)規劃和相關(guan)知識,希(xi)望在你正式加入網(wang)(wang)(wang)球(qiu)軍(jun)隊之前看到(dao)此文章有了(le)(le)一(yi)個對網(wang)(wang)(wang)球(qiu)的(de)了(le)(le)解(jie),總所周知,網(wang)(wang)(wang)球(qiu)運動已經成(cheng)為各大城(cheng)(cheng)市白領休(xiu)閑(xian)的(de)熱門喜好，各大城(cheng)(cheng)市的(de)網(wang)(wang)(wang)球(qiu)俱樂(le)部如(ru)雨后(hou)春筍搬多了(le)(le)起來，究竟網(wang)(wang)(wang)球(qiu)是如(ru)何能(neng)讓能(neng)如(ru)此瘋狂(kuang)般愛上呢(ni)？今天我就帶你了(le)(le)解(jie)下網(wang)(wang)(wang)球(qiu)場地平面圖及標(biao)準尺寸：
第一、網球場的種類有哪些？
網球場地有丙烯酸網球場、硅PU網球場、紅土網球場、天然草坪網球場、泥地（砂地），隨著科學(xue)技術的(de)發展(zhan)，又出現了(le)人造草皮網(wang)(wang)球場(chang)以及面(mian)(mian)(mian)層(ceng)材料不(bu)同(tong)的(de)塑膠網(wang)(wang)球場(chang)地等(deng)。不(bu)同(tong)類型的(de)網(wang)(wang)球場(chang)地其面(mian)(mian)(mian)層(ceng)材料具有(you)不(bu)同(tong)的(de)性能，并在(zai)建(jian)造中都有(you)一定的(de)技術標準(zhun)和規范(fan)要求。不(bu)同(tong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)層(ceng)材料的(de)塑膠網(wang)(wang)球場(chang)地在(zai)維(wei)護和保養方面(mian)(mian)(mian)，必須(xu)注意(yi)化學(xue)溶劑、有(you)色素飲料的(de)污染，禁止在(zai)場(chang)上進行基礎作業，防止敲打、劃傷場(chang)地表(biao)層(ceng)等(deng)。
※ 測量：所(suo)有的(de)測量都應(ying)到線的(de)外沿為(wei)止(zhi)。
※ 顏(yan)色：所(suo)有(you)的線應是同一(yi)顏(yan)色，球(qiu)場(chang)后面放置的廣(guang)告或其他物品，不(bu)得(de)使用白色、黃色。任(ren)何汪(wang)顏(yan)色，只有(you)當其不(bu)妨(fang)礙(ai)打球(qiu)者視線時(shi)，方可使用。
※ 緩沖(chong)區：邊線(xian)至(zhi)(zhi)固(gu)(gu)定(ding)障(zhang)(zhang)礙(ai)物的(de)(de)距(ju)離(li)至(zhi)(zhi)少為36.58米(mi)；端(duan)線(xian)至(zhi)(zhi)固(gu)(gu)定(ding)障(zhang)(zhang)礙(ai)物的(de)(de)距(ju)離(li)至(zhi)(zhi)少為6.401米(mi)；帶看臺的(de)(de)球場(chang)端(duan)線(xian)至(zhi)(zhi)固(gu)(gu)定(ding)障(zhang)(zhang)礙(ai)物的(de)(de)距(ju)離(li)至(zhi)(zhi)少為8.23米(mi)；場(chang)地之間的(de)(de)距(ju)離(li)為7.315米(mi)或至(zhi)(zhi)少為3.658米(mi)；球場(chang)上方(fang)(fang)(fang)固(gu)(gu)定(ding)障(zhang)(zhang)礙(ai)物高(gao)度(du)：邊線(xian)外36.58米(mi)處(chu)上方(fang)(fang)(fang)不(bu)得低(di)于(yu)(yu)5.486米(mi)；端(duan)線(xian)外6.401米(mi)處(chu)上方(fang)(fang)(fang)不(bu)得低(di)于(yu)(yu)6.401米(mi)；球網上方(fang)(fang)(fang)不(bu)得低(di)于(yu)(yu)10.668米(mi)。
※ 單打(da)場地尺寸(cun)：寬8.23米、長22.77米；雙打(da)場地尺寸(cun)：寬10.97米、長期23.77米；
※ 場(chang)地劃線：發(fa)球中線線寬(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)應(ying)為(wei)5CM，端線最(zui)大寬(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)度不超過10CM，所有其它線的寬(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)度均(jun)應(ying)在大于2.5CM，小于5CM。
一(yi)(yi)片標準(zhun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)網(wang)(wang)球(qiu)場(chang)(chang)地(di)(di)(di)，占(zhan)地(di)(di)(di)面積應不小于(yu)670㎡（長36.60米(mi)(mi)(mi)、寬18.30米(mi)(mi)(mi)），其中雙打(da)場(chang)(chang)地(di)(di)(di)標準(zhun)尺寸為(wei)長23.77米(mi)(mi)(mi)、寬10.97米(mi)(mi)(mi)。如果是(shi)兩片或(huo)兩片以上(shang)相(xiang)鄰(lin)而建的(de)(de)(de)(de)并行(xing)網(wang)(wang)球(qiu)場(chang)(chang)地(di)(di)(di)，兩片場(chang)(chang)地(di)(di)(di)之(zhi)間距離應不小于(yu)5米(mi)(mi)(mi)。 這片長方形的(de)(de)(de)(de)角逐(zhu)場(chang)(chang)再用球(qiu)網(wang)(wang)橫隔成(cheng)兩個等區(qu)。場(chang)(chang)上(shang)縱橫交錯的(de)(de)(de)(de)白線(xian)(xian)(xian)都有(you)各(ge)自的(de)(de)(de)(de)名(ming)稱，球(qiu)場(chang)(chang)兩端(duan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)界(jie)線(xian)(xian)(xian)稱為(wei)“端(duan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)”，球(qiu)場(chang)(chang)兩邊(bian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)界(jie)線(xian)(xian)(xian)稱之(zhi)為(wei)“邊(bian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)”；在(zai)球(qiu)網(wang)(wang)兩側(ce)6.40米(mi)(mi)(mi)處的(de)(de)(de)(de)場(chang)(chang)內(nei)各(ge)畫(hua)(hua)一(yi)(yi)條(tiao)與(yu)(yu)邊(bian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)平(ping)行(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)橫線(xian)(xian)(xian)為(wei)“發(fa)(fa)球(qiu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)”；聯結兩發(fa)(fa)球(qiu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)中點畫(hua)(hua)一(yi)(yi)條(tiao)與(yu)(yu)邊(bian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)平(ping)行(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)線(xian)(xian)(xian)稱“中線(xian)(xian)(xian)”；中線(xian)(xian)(xian)與(yu)(yu)球(qiu)網(wang)(wang)成(cheng)“十”字形，將發(fa)(fa)球(qiu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)與(yu)(yu)邊(bian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)之(zhi)間的(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)面分成(cheng)四個相(xiang)等的(de)(de)(de)(de)區(qu)域，稱為(wei)“發(fa)(fa)球(qiu)區(qu)”；在(zai)端(duan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)中心，向場(chang)(chang)內(nei)畫(hua)(hua)一(yi)(yi)條(tiao)垂直于(yu)端(duan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)短線(xian)(xian)(xian)稱為(wei)“中點”。全(quan)場(chang)(chang)各(ge)區(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)丈量，除中線(xian)(xian)(xian)外都從(cong)各(ge)線(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)上(shang)沿計算，場(chang)(chang)上(shang)所(suo)有(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)線(xian)(xian)(xian)應是(shi)同一(yi)(yi)顏色(se)(se)（白色(se)(se)或(huo)黃色(se)(se)）。
第三、球網的規格大小
單打球網長為10.06米，雙打球網長為12.8米，球網上沿用5~6.3厘米寬的白色帆布包縫，并用直徑不超過0.8厘米的鋼絲繩穿起來，掛在場中央離邊線0.914米以外的網柱上，球網應充分展開，完全填滿兩柱之間的空隙，球網網孔大小以不讓球穿過為準。球網的中央高為0.914米，并用5厘米寬的白布速帶束于地面。要求球網的下邊須和地面接觸。
網球場平面圖
第四、網球柱的規格大小
網(wang)柱(zhu)(zhu)球網(wang)兩(liang)側的網(wang)柱(zhu)(zhu)高(gao)1.07米，支柱(zhu)(zhu)的直徑(jing)或邊長不超(chao)過7.5厘(li)米。
第五、球場的固定物
球(qiu)(qiu)場固(gu)定(ding)物除(chu)了球(qiu)(qiu)網(wang)(wang)(wang)、網(wang)(wang)(wang)柱(zhu)(zhu)、單打(da)支柱(zhu)(zhu)、繩或(huo)鋼(gang)絲繩、中心帶、網(wang)(wang)(wang)邊白(bai)布(bu)(bu)外(wai)(wai)，還包括(kuo)球(qiu)(qiu)場四周的擋網(wang)(wang)(wang)（室(shi)外(wai)(wai)網(wang)(wang)(wang)球(qiu)(qiu)場地(di)的四周圍(wei)擋網(wang)(wang)(wang)高(gao)度(du)一(yi)閽?~6米(mi)之間），看臺、固(gu)定(ding)的或(huo)可(ke)移動的座位、座椅(yi)以(yi)及(ji)安置(zhi)在場地(di)周圍(wei)上空的設備，如(ru)照明(ming)燈具(ju)，應設置(zhi)在室(shi)外(wai)(wai)球(qiu)(qiu)場兩側擋網(wang)(wang)(wang)上方，距地(di)面(mian)高(gao)7.60米(mi)以(yi)上，每(mei)片(pian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)球(qiu)(qiu)場地(di)平均照明(ming)度(du)應大于(yu)600個勒克斯。在球(qiu)(qiu)網(wang)(wang)(wang)、中心帶、網(wang)(wang)(wang)邊白(bai)布(bu)(bu)或(huo)單打(da)支柱(zhu)(zhu)上均不得有廣(guang)告。如(ru)在球(qiu)(qiu)場后面(mian)放置(zhi)廣(guang)告或(huo)其(qi)他物品(pin)時，則不得使用白(bai)色、黃色或(huo)淺顏色，如(ru)廣(guang)告放置(zhi)在位于(yu)球(qiu)(qiu)場后面(mian)的司(si)線(xian)員的坐椅(yi)上，這(zhe)些(xie)廣(guang)告也(ye)不得使用白(bai)色、黃色或(huo)其(qi)他淺顏色，以(yi)免干(gan)擾運(yun)動員的視線(xian)
第六、網球場地周圍空地
端線以外至少要有6.40米的空地，邊線以外至少要有3.66米的空地，如果是室內網球場，端線6.40米以(yi)外的(de)上(shang)空(kong)(kong)凈高(gao)應(ying)不少于(yu)6.40米，室內屋(wu)頂(ding)在球(qiu)網(wang)上(shang)空(kong)(kong)的(de)凈高(gao)汪少于(yu)11.50米。國際網(wang)聯規(gui)定，室內館球(qiu)場上(shang)空(kong)(kong)的(de)凈高(gao)應(ying)為12.50米。
第七、場地各線段的寬度
全(quan)場(chang)除端線(xian)可(ke)寬至10厘(li)米外，其他(ta)各線(xian)的(de)寬度(du)均(jun)在2.5-5厘(li)米范圍之(zhi)內。全(quan)場(chang)各區域的(de)丈量除中線(xian)外，均(jun)從各線(xian)的(de)外沿(yan)量計算。
第八、 網球場地的劃線分法
1、單打和雙打兼(jian)用(yong)的(de)場劃線步驟(zou)
2、首先選擇球(qiu)網(wang)位置，劃一(yi)長(chang)12.8米(mi)(mi)(mi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)直線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)（基(ji)準(zhun)(zhun)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)），在中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)處做一(yi)記(ji)號(hao)X，然(ran)后由此(ci)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)向(xiang)兩(liang)側丈量(liang)，定點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)如下：a、b點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)各(ge)距(ju)(ju)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)X4.11米(mi)(mi)(mi)，球(qiu)網(wang)于(yu)此(ci)處與單(dan)打(da)(da)(da)邊(bian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)相(xiang)交(jiao)(jiao)。n、n點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)為單(dan)打(da)(da)(da)支柱(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)位置，各(ge)距(ju)(ju)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)X5.03米(mi)(mi)(mi)。A、B點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)各(ge)距(ju)(ju)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)X5.49米(mi)(mi)(mi)，球(qiu)網(wang)與此(ci)處與雙打(da)(da)(da)邊(bian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)相(xiang)交(jiao)(jiao)。N、N點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)為雙打(da)(da)(da)網(wang)柱(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)位置，各(ge)距(ju)(ju)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)X6.40米(mi)(mi)(mi)。 在A、B點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)加釘，并分(fen)別(bie)與一(yi)量(liang)尺的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)端(duan)相(xiang)連，從A點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)心量(liang)16.18米(mi)(mi)(mi)成(cheng)AC線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)（半(ban)場(chang)對(dui)角(jiao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)），從B點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)11.89米(mi)(mi)(mi)成(cheng)BC線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)（半(ban)場(chang)邊(bian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)），然(ran)后拉緊AC、BC線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，使這(zhe)兩(liang)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)相(xiang)交(jiao)(jiao)于(yu)C點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，即半(ban)場(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)角(jiao)。反向(xiang)丈量(liang)可(ke)找出(chu)(chu)另一(yi)角(jiao)D點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。上(shang)述操(cao)作是否(fou)準(zhun)(zhun)確，可(ke)檢驗(yan)CD線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)長(chang)度(du)，這(zhe)條端(duan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)應長(chang)10.97米(mi)(mi)(mi)。同(tong)時(shi)可(ke)標出(chu)(chu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)J和(he)單(dan)打(da)(da)(da)邊(bian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，c、d兩(liang)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)分(fen)別(bie)距(ju)(ju)C、D點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)1.37米(mi)(mi)(mi)。 中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)和(he)發球(qiu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)各(ge)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)F、H、G均可(ke)分(fen)別(bie)在bc、XJ、ad線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)上(shang)距(ju)(ju)球(qiu)網(wang)6.40米(mi)(mi)(mi)處劃出(chu)(chu)。 用同(tong)樣(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)方法再(zai)劃出(chu)(chu)球(qiu)網(wang)另一(yi)邊(bian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)球(qiu)場(chang)。
只需單(dan)(dan)打球(qiu)場(chang)時，a、b、c、d、外邊(bian)之(zhi)線均(jun)不必劃。也可在(zai)a、b處(chu)加(jia)釘，分(fen)別與(yu)一(yi)量尺相連以代替A、B，再用(yong)14.46米(mi)(mi)和11.89米(mi)(mi)的(de)(de)(de)長(chang)度，找(zhao)出(chu)單(dan)(dan)打端線兩(liang)角c、d。網(wang)柱(zhu)(zhu)在(zai)n、n處(chu)，并應使用(yong)10米(mi)(mi)長(chang)的(de)(de)(de)單(dan)(dan)打球(qiu)網(wang)。 （三）單(dan)(dan)打、雙打兼用(yong)球(qiu)場(chang)，若單(dan)(dan)打時掛(gua)著雙打球(qiu)網(wang)，則須(xu)在(zai)n、n處(chu)用(yong)兩(liang)根1.07米(mi)(mi)高的(de)(de)(de)支(zhi)(zhi)柱(zhu)(zhu)將網(wang)撐起，支(zhi)(zhi)柱(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)直徑或邊(bian)長(chang)不得超過7.5厘米(mi)(mi)，支(zhi)(zhi)柱(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)中心應距單(dan)(dan)打邊(bian)線外沿0.914米(mi)(mi)，這兩(liang)根網(wang)柱(zhu)(zhu)稱為“單(dan)(dan)一(yi)打支(zhi)(zhi)柱(zhu)(zhu)”。為了便(bian)于(yu)安置單(dan)(dan)打支(zhi)(zhi)柱(zhu)(zhu)，應在(zai)場(chang)地上的(de)(de)(de)n、n點(dian)處(chu)用(yong)白點(dian)標(biao)出(chu)。
