網球運動(dong)越(yue)來越(yue)成為廣大群眾的(de)愛好，今天我們了解下網球場地(di)的(de)標準尺寸及(ji)平面圖區域(yu)分(fen)布。

一、網球場地的大小(網球場地標準尺寸)

 一(yi)片標(biao)準(zhun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)網球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)場(chang)(chang)(chang)地(di)，占地(di)面積(ji)應(ying)不小于670㎡（長36.60米(mi)(mi)、寬18.30米(mi)(mi)），其中雙打場(chang)(chang)(chang)地(di)標(biao)準(zhun)尺(chi)寸為(wei)(wei)(wei)長23.77米(mi)(mi)、寬10.97米(mi)(mi)。如果是兩(liang)(liang)(liang)片或兩(liang)(liang)(liang)片以上(shang)相鄰而建的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)并行網球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)場(chang)(chang)(chang)地(di)，兩(liang)(liang)(liang)片場(chang)(chang)(chang)地(di)之(zhi)間(jian)距離應(ying)不小于5米(mi)(mi)。 這(zhe)片長方形的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)角逐場(chang)(chang)(chang)再用球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)網橫隔成兩(liang)(liang)(liang)個等區(qu)。場(chang)(chang)(chang)上(shang)縱橫交錯的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)白線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)都有各(ge)自(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)名稱(cheng)，球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)場(chang)(chang)(chang)兩(liang)(liang)(liang)端(duan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)界(jie)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)“端(duan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)”，球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)場(chang)(chang)(chang)兩(liang)(liang)(liang)邊(bian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)界(jie)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)稱(cheng)之(zhi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)“邊(bian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)”；在球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)網兩(liang)(liang)(liang)側(ce)6.40米(mi)(mi)處的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)場(chang)(chang)(chang)內各(ge)畫(hua)一(yi)條(tiao)與邊(bian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)平行的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)橫線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)“發(fa)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)”；聯結兩(liang)(liang)(liang)發(fa)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中點(dian)畫(hua)一(yi)條(tiao)與邊(bian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)平行的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)稱(cheng)“中線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)”；中線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)與球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)網成“十(shi)”字形，將發(fa)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)與邊(bian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)之(zhi)間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)面分成四(si)個相等的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)區(qu)域，稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)“發(fa)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)區(qu)”；在端(duan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中心，向場(chang)(chang)(chang)內畫(hua)一(yi)條(tiao)垂直于端(duan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)短線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)“中點(dian)”。全場(chang)(chang)(chang)各(ge)區(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)丈量，除中線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)外都從各(ge)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)上(shang)沿計(ji)算，場(chang)(chang)(chang)上(shang)所有的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)應(ying)是同一(yi)顏(yan)色(se)（白色(se)或黃色(se)）。

 二、網球場地的劃線分法

（一）單打和雙打兼用的場劃線步驟
首先選(xuan)擇球網(wang)位置，劃一長12.8米(mi)(mi)(mi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)直(zhi)線(xian)(xian)（基(ji)準(zhun)線(xian)(xian)），在(zai)中點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)處做一記號X，然后由此點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)向兩側丈量(liang)，定(ding)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)如下：a、b點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)各距(ju)(ju)中點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)X4.11米(mi)(mi)(mi)，球網(wang)于此處與(yu)(yu)單(dan)打(da)(da)(da)邊(bian)線(xian)(xian)相交。n、n點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)為單(dan)打(da)(da)(da)支(zhi)柱的(de)(de)(de)(de)位置，各距(ju)(ju)中點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)X5.03米(mi)(mi)(mi)。A、B點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)各距(ju)(ju)中點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)X5.49米(mi)(mi)(mi)，球網(wang)與(yu)(yu)此處與(yu)(yu)雙打(da)(da)(da)邊(bian)線(xian)(xian)相交。N、N點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)為雙打(da)(da)(da)網(wang)柱的(de)(de)(de)(de)位置，各距(ju)(ju)中點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)X6.40米(mi)(mi)(mi)。在(zai)A、B點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)加釘，并分別(bie)與(yu)(yu)一量(liang)尺的(de)(de)(de)(de)一端(duan)相連，從(cong)A點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)心量(liang)16.18米(mi)(mi)(mi)成AC線(xian)(xian)（半場對(dui)角(jiao)線(xian)(xian)），從(cong)B點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)11.89米(mi)(mi)(mi)成BC線(xian)(xian)（半場邊(bian)線(xian)(xian)），然后拉緊(jin)AC、BC線(xian)(xian)，使這兩線(xian)(xian)相交于C點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，即半場的(de)(de)(de)(de)一角(jiao)。反向丈量(liang)可找(zhao)出(chu)(chu)另(ling)(ling)一角(jiao)D點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。上述操(cao)作是否準(zhun)確，可檢驗CD線(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)長度(du)，這條端(duan)線(xian)(xian)應長10.97米(mi)(mi)(mi)。同(tong)時可標(biao)出(chu)(chu)中點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)J和單(dan)打(da)(da)(da)邊(bian)線(xian)(xian)，c、d兩點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)分別(bie)距(ju)(ju)C、D點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)1.37米(mi)(mi)(mi)。 中線(xian)(xian)和發(fa)球線(xian)(xian)各點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)F、H、G均可分別(bie)在(zai)bc、XJ、ad線(xian)(xian)上距(ju)(ju)球網(wang)6.40米(mi)(mi)(mi)處劃出(chu)(chu)。用同(tong)樣的(de)(de)(de)(de)方法再(zai)劃出(chu)(chu)球網(wang)另(ling)(ling)一邊(bian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)球場。

（二）只(zhi)需單(dan)打(da)球場(chang)時，a、b、c、d、外(wai)邊之線(xian)均不必劃。也可在a、b處加(jia)釘，分別與一(yi)量(liang)尺相(xiang)連以(yi)代替A、B，再用(yong)(yong)14.46米(mi)和11.89米(mi)的長度，找出單(dan)打(da)端線(xian)兩角(jiao)c、d。網(wang)(wang)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)在n、n處，并應(ying)使用(yong)(yong)10米(mi)長的單(dan)打(da)球網(wang)(wang)。 （三）單(dan)打(da)、雙打(da)兼(jian)用(yong)(yong)球場(chang)，若單(dan)打(da)時掛著雙打(da)球網(wang)(wang)，則須在n、n處用(yong)(yong)兩根1.07米(mi)高(gao)的支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)將網(wang)(wang)撐(cheng)起，支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的直徑(jing)或邊長不得(de)超過7.5厘米(mi)，支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的中心應(ying)距單(dan)打(da)邊線(xian)外(wai)沿0.914米(mi)，這兩根網(wang)(wang)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)稱(cheng)為“單(dan)一(yi)打(da)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)”。為了(le)便于安置單(dan)打(da)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，應(ying)在場(chang)地上的n、n點處用(yong)(yong)白點標出。

 三、場地各線段的寬度
全場(chang)(chang)除端線(xian)可寬(kuan)(kuan)至10厘(li)米外，其他各(ge)線(xian)的寬(kuan)(kuan)度均在(zai)2.5-5厘(li)米范(fan)圍(wei)之內。全場(chang)(chang)各(ge)區域(yu)的丈(zhang)量除中線(xian)外，均從各(ge)線(xian)的外沿量計算。

 四、網球場地的種類
網球(qiu)場(chang)(chang)(chang)地(di)有(you)(you)(you)天然草坪(ping)、泥地(di)（砂地(di)），隨著科學技(ji)(ji)術的(de)(de)(de)發展，又出現了人造(zao)草皮網球(qiu)場(chang)(chang)(chang)以及面(mian)層(ceng)(ceng)材(cai)料(liao)不(bu)(bu)同的(de)(de)(de)塑膠網球(qiu)場(chang)(chang)(chang)地(di)等。不(bu)(bu)同類(lei)型的(de)(de)(de)網球(qiu)場(chang)(chang)(chang)地(di)其面(mian)層(ceng)(ceng)材(cai)料(liao)具有(you)(you)(you)不(bu)(bu)同的(de)(de)(de)性(xing)能，并在建(jian)造(zao)中都有(you)(you)(you)一(yi)定的(de)(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)術標準和(he)(he)規范要(yao)求(qiu)。不(bu)(bu)同面(mian)層(ceng)(ceng)材(cai)料(liao)的(de)(de)(de)塑膠網球(qiu)場(chang)(chang)(chang)地(di)在維護和(he)(he)保(bao)養方面(mian)，必須注意(yi)化學溶劑、有(you)(you)(you)色素飲料(liao)的(de)(de)(de)污(wu)染(ran)，禁止在場(chang)(chang)(chang)上進行基礎作業(ye)，防止敲打、劃傷場(chang)(chang)(chang)地(di)表層(ceng)(ceng)等。

五、網(wang)柱(zhu)球網(wang)兩側的網(wang)柱(zhu)高1.07米，支柱(zhu)的直徑或邊長不超過7.5厘米。

 六、球網
單打球(qiu)(qiu)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)長(chang)為(wei)10.06米(mi)(mi)，雙(shuang)打球(qiu)(qiu)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)長(chang)為(wei)12.8米(mi)(mi)，球(qiu)(qiu)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)上沿用(yong)5~6.3厘(li)米(mi)(mi)寬的(de)(de)(de)白(bai)色帆布包縫(feng)，并用(yong)直(zhi)徑不超過0.8厘(li)米(mi)(mi)的(de)(de)(de)鋼絲(si)繩穿起來，掛在場中央(yang)離邊(bian)線(xian)0.914米(mi)(mi)以外的(de)(de)(de)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)柱上，球(qiu)(qiu)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)應充分展(zhan)開，完全填滿兩柱之間的(de)(de)(de)空隙，球(qiu)(qiu)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)孔(kong)大小(xiao)以不讓(rang)球(qiu)(qiu)穿過為(wei)準。球(qiu)(qiu)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)的(de)(de)(de)中央(yang)高(gao)為(wei)0.914米(mi)(mi)，并用(yong)5厘(li)米(mi)(mi)寬的(de)(de)(de)白(bai)布速帶束于地(di)(di)面。要求球(qiu)(qiu)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)的(de)(de)(de)下邊(bian)須和地(di)(di)面接觸(chu)。

 七、網球場地周圍空地
端(duan)線(xian)以(yi)外至少要(yao)有(you)6.40米(mi)的空(kong)地，邊線(xian)以(yi)外至少要(yao)有(you)3.66米(mi)的空(kong)地，如果是室內網球(qiu)場(chang)，端(duan)線(xian)6.40米(mi)以(yi)外的上空(kong)凈高(gao)應(ying)不(bu)少于(yu)6.40米(mi)，室內屋頂(ding)在球(qiu)網上空(kong)的凈高(gao)汪少于(yu)11.50米(mi)。國際網聯規定，室內館球(qiu)場(chang)上空(kong)的凈高(gao)應(ying)為12.50米(mi)。

八、球場的固定物
球(qiu)(qiu)場(chang)固定物除了球(qiu)(qiu)網(wang)(wang)(wang)、網(wang)(wang)(wang)柱、單(dan)打(da)支(zhi)柱、繩或鋼絲繩、中心(xin)帶、網(wang)(wang)(wang)邊白布(bu)(bu)外，還包括球(qiu)(qiu)場(chang)四周(zhou)(zhou)的擋網(wang)(wang)(wang)（室外網(wang)(wang)(wang)球(qiu)(qiu)場(chang)地的四周(zhou)(zhou)圍擋網(wang)(wang)(wang)高度一閽(hun)?~6米之(zhi)間），看臺、固定的或可移(yi)動的座位(wei)(wei)、座椅以及(ji)安置(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)場(chang)地周(zhou)(zhou)圍上(shang)(shang)空的設(she)備，如照明(ming)燈具(ju)，應設(she)置(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)室外球(qiu)(qiu)場(chang)兩側擋網(wang)(wang)(wang)上(shang)(shang)方，距地面(mian)高7.60米以上(shang)(shang)，每(mei)片網(wang)(wang)(wang)球(qiu)(qiu)場(chang)地平(ping)均(jun)照明(ming)度應大(da)于600個勒克斯。在(zai)球(qiu)(qiu)網(wang)(wang)(wang)、中心(xin)帶、網(wang)(wang)(wang)邊白布(bu)(bu)或單(dan)打(da)支(zhi)柱上(shang)(shang)均(jun)不得(de)有(you)廣(guang)告(gao)。如在(zai)球(qiu)(qiu)場(chang)后(hou)面(mian)放(fang)置(zhi)(zhi)廣(guang)告(gao)或其(qi)他物品時(shi)，則(ze)不得(de)使用(yong)白色(se)(se)、黃(huang)色(se)(se)或淺(qian)顏色(se)(se)，如廣(guang)告(gao)放(fang)置(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)位(wei)(wei)于球(qiu)(qiu)場(chang)后(hou)面(mian)的司線(xian)員的坐椅上(shang)(shang)，這些廣(guang)告(gao)也不得(de)使用(yong)白色(se)(se)、黃(huang)色(se)(se)或其(qi)他淺(qian)顏色(se)(se)，以免干擾運動員的視線(xian)

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