水性(xing)環(huan)氧(yang)樹脂以其突(tu)出的(de)性(xing)能優勢，使制備得到的(de)水性(xing)環(huan)氧(yang)樹脂涂(tu)料同(tong)樣具有優異的(de)性(xing)能，從而(er)在水性(xing)產品大家族里地位(wei)越來越重要，專(zhuan)家認為(wei)水性(xing)環(huan)氧(yang)樹脂在環(huan)保化的(de)今天，前景(jing)十分開闊。
水(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)是指環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)微粒或(huo)液滴的(de)(de)(de)形式(shi)分散(san)在(zai)以(yi)水(shui)為連續相的(de)(de)(de)分散(san)介質中(zhong)而配得(de)的(de)(de)(de)穩(wen)定分散(san)體(ti)系。由于環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)是線型(xing)結(jie)(jie)構的(de)(de)(de)熱固(gu)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)樹(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)，所以(yi)施工前必須加入水(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)固(gu)化(hua)(hua)劑，在(zai)室溫環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)下(xia)發生化(hua)(hua)學(xue)交聯反應，環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)固(gu)化(hua)(hua)后就改變(bian)了原來可(ke)(ke)溶(rong)可(ke)(ke)熔的(de)(de)(de)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)質而變(bian)成(cheng)不溶(rong)不熔的(de)(de)(de)空間網狀結(jie)(jie)構，顯示出優(you)異的(de)(de)(de)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能。水(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)涂料(liao)除了具有(you)溶(rong)劑型(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)涂料(liao)的(de)(de)(de)諸多優(you)點，一是適應能力(li)強，對眾多底(di)材(cai)具有(you)極高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)附著力(li)，固(gu)化(hua)(hua)后的(de)(de)(de)涂膜耐腐(fu)蝕性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)耐化(hua)(hua)學(xue)藥品性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能優(you)異，并且(qie)涂膜收縮小(xiao)、硬度高(gao)、耐磨(mo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)好(hao)、電氣(qi)(qi)絕緣性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能優(you)異等；二是環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)保(bao)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能好(hao)，還(huan)具有(you)不含(han)有(you)機(ji)溶(rong)劑或(huo)揮發性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)有(you)機(ji)化(hua)(hua)合物含(han)量較低，不會造成(cheng)空氣(qi)(qi)污染，因而滿足當(dang)前環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)保(bao)護的(de)(de)(de)要求；三是真正水(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)化(hua)(hua)，以(yi)水(shui)作(zuo)(zuo)為分散(san)介質，價格(ge)低廉(lian)、無(wu)氣(qi)(qi)味、不燃，儲存、運輸和(he)使用過(guo)程中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)安全性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)也大為提高(gao)；四是操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)佳(jia)，水(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)涂料(liao)的(de)(de)(de)施工操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能好(hao)，施工工具可(ke)(ke)用水(shui)直接清(qing)洗，可(ke)(ke)在(zai)室溫和(he)潮濕(shi)的(de)(de)(de)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)中(zhong)固(gu)化(hua)(hua)，有(you)合理的(de)(de)(de)固(gu)化(hua)(hua)時(shi)間，并保(bao)證有(you)很高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)交聯密度。這是通常的(de)(de)(de)水(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)丙烯(xi)酸(suan)涂料(liao)和(he)水(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)聚氨酯涂料(liao)所無(wu)法比(bi)擬的(de)(de)(de)。
合理選(xuan)擇環(huan)氧(yang)(yang)樹脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)基材(cai)、固化(hua)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)以及(ji)各種(zhong)改性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)和助劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，就(jiu)可(ke)(ke)制(zhi)(zhi)備(bei)出(chu)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)各異(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)氧(yang)(yang)樹脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)涂料(liao)(liao)(liao)。水(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)氧(yang)(yang)樹脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)涂料(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)諸多性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)特點決定(ding)了其(qi)與溶(rong)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)型(xing)(xing)或(huo)無溶(rong)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)型(xing)(xing)環(huan)氧(yang)(yang)樹脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)涂料(liao)(liao)(liao)相(xiang)比(bi)具有(you)更為(wei)(wei)(wei)廣泛的(de)(de)(de)(de)應用(yong)(yong)前景。中(zhong)國環(huan)氧(yang)(yang)樹脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行業(ye)協(xie)會(hui)專家(jia)介(jie)紹(shao)說，目前水(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)氧(yang)(yang)樹脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)涂料(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)應用(yong)(yong)主(zhu)要包括下(xia)面幾個(ge)方面：一是(shi)(shi)工(gong)業(ye)地(di)(di)(di)坪(ping)涂裝，可(ke)(ke)作為(wei)(wei)(wei)高(gao)(gao)(gao)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)環(huan)境適(shi)應型(xing)(xing)地(di)(di)(di)坪(ping)涂料(liao)(liao)(liao)替代(dai)(dai)溶(rong)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)型(xing)(xing)環(huan)氧(yang)(yang)樹脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)涂料(liao)(liao)(liao)，也可(ke)(ke)作為(wei)(wei)(wei)聚(ju)合物(wu)成(cheng)分(fen)摻入水(shui)(shui)泥砂(sha)漿(jiang)(jiang)制(zhi)(zhi)成(cheng)高(gao)(gao)(gao)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)聚(ju)合物(wu)砂(sha)漿(jiang)(jiang)地(di)(di)(di)坪(ping)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)；三是(shi)(shi)木(mu)質(zhi)地(di)(di)(di)板(ban)涂料(liao)(liao)(liao)，可(ke)(ke)配(pei)(pei)成(cheng)清漆(qi)用(yong)(yong)于木(mu)質(zhi)地(di)(di)(di)板(ban)，替代(dai)(dai)目前市場上廣泛使用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)溶(rong)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)型(xing)(xing)聚(ju)氨酯(zhi)水(shui)(shui)晶地(di)(di)(di)板(ban)漆(qi)，配(pei)(pei)成(cheng)色漆(qi)可(ke)(ke)替代(dai)(dai)溶(rong)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)型(xing)(xing)環(huan)氧(yang)(yang)樹脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和聚(ju)氨酯(zhi)磁漆(qi)，用(yong)(yong)于廚房、家(jia)具和機械(xie)設備(bei)等(deng)；四是(shi)(shi)建筑工(gong)程抗滲，借助水(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)氧(yang)(yang)樹脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)涂料(liao)(liao)(liao)優(you)良的(de)(de)(de)(de)機械(xie)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)和與水(shui)(shui)泥良好的(de)(de)(de)(de)配(pei)(pei)伍性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，制(zhi)(zhi)備(bei)高(gao)(gao)(gao)強混(hun)凝土，其(qi)中(zhong)水(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)氧(yang)(yang)樹脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)涂料(liao)(liao)(liao)作為(wei)(wei)(wei)輔助成(cheng)分(fen)加到混(hun)凝土或(huo)水(shui)(shui)泥砂(sha)漿(jiang)(jiang)中(zhong)，并(bing)可(ke)(ke)提高(gao)(gao)(gao)混(hun)凝土的(de)(de)(de)(de)抗滲性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)；五(wu)是(shi)(shi)建筑粘(zhan)接防(fang)水(shui)(shui)，利(li)用(yong)(yong)環(huan)氧(yang)(yang)樹脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)對水(shui)(shui)泥材(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)和眾多有(you)機材(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)良好的(de)(de)(de)(de)粘(zhan)接性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)以及(ji)環(huan)氧(yang)(yang)樹脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)本(ben)身優(you)異(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)機械(xie)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)和耐(nai)化(hua)學(xue)藥品(pin)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)作為(wei)(wei)(wei)混(hun)凝土粘(zhan)接劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)和防(fang)水(shui)(shui)堵漏材(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)；六是(shi)(shi)防(fang)腐處理和其(qi)它(ta)用(yong)(yong)途(tu)，利(li)用(yong)(yong)環(huan)氧(yang)(yang)樹脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)優(you)異(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)耐(nai)腐蝕性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)作為(wei)(wei)(wei)防(fang)腐蝕涂料(liao)(liao)(liao)用(yong)(yong)作鋼鐵和船舶的(de)(de)(de)(de)防(fang)腐底漆(qi)，與其(qi)它(ta)通用(yong)(yong)乳液如聚(ju)丙烯酸(suan)乳液、水(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)聚(ju)氨酯(zhi)配(pei)(pei)合使用(yong)(yong)起(qi)協(xie)同效應得到具有(you)不(bu)同性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)涂層。
室溫固(gu)(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)水(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)涂(tu)(tu)料體(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)一(yi)般分(fen)為(wei)四類(lei)：Ⅰ型(xing)水(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)，由低(di)(di)(di)分(fen)子(zi)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)液(ye)(ye)體(ti)(ti)(ti)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)當量(liang)在190左右(you))和(he)(he)水(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)固(gu)(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)劑(ji)組(zu)成，這(zhe)類(lei)體(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)般預先不乳(ru)(ru)化(hua)(hua)(hua)，而由水(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)固(gu)(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)劑(ji)在使用(yong)(yong)(yong)前混合(he)乳(ru)(ru)化(hua)(hua)(hua)，因(yin)而這(zhe)類(lei)固(gu)(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)劑(ji)必須既是交聯劑(ji)又(you)是乳(ru)(ru)化(hua)(hua)(hua)劑(ji)，它(ta)能(neng)夠很好地(di)分(fen)散或溶(rong)解在水(shui)中(zhong)，從而對低(di)(di)(di)分(fen)子(zi)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)液(ye)(ye)體(ti)(ti)(ti)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)具有(you)良好的(de)(de)(de)乳(ru)(ru)化(hua)(hua)(hua)作用(yong)(yong)(yong)，可配成零VOC涂(tu)(tu)料，涂(tu)(tu)膜硬度增長較(jiao)快；Ⅱ型(xing)水(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)，由高(gao)分(fen)子(zi)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)固(gu)(gu)(gu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乳(ru)(ru)液(ye)(ye)和(he)(he)水(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)固(gu)(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)劑(ji)組(zu)成，由于高(gao)分(fen)子(zi)量(liang)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)反應(ying)活(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)較(jiao)低(di)(di)(di)分(fen)子(zi)量(liang)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)小，因(yin)此Ⅱ型(xing)水(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)適(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)期較(jiao)Ⅰ型(xing)長、表干(gan)時間較(jiao)Ⅰ型(xing)短；Ⅲ型(xing)水(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)，由低(di)(di)(di)分(fen)子(zi)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)液(ye)(ye)體(ti)(ti)(ti)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乳(ru)(ru)液(ye)(ye)和(he)(he)水(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)固(gu)(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)劑(ji)組(zu)成，新型(xing)反應(ying)性(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乳(ru)(ru)化(hua)(hua)(hua)劑(ji)既含有(you)表面活(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)作用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)鏈(lian)(lian)段(duan)(duan)(親(qin)水(shui)鏈(lian)(lian)段(duan)(duan))、又(you)含有(you)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)鏈(lian)(lian)段(duan)(duan)(親(qin)油(you)鏈(lian)(lian)段(duan)(duan))，大大改善了(le)乳(ru)(ru)化(hua)(hua)(hua)劑(ji)與環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)相容性(xing)(xing)(xing)，可配制分(fen)散相平均粒徑為(wei)約1～2μm的(de)(de)(de)低(di)(di)(di)分(fen)子(zi)量(liang)液(ye)(ye)體(ti)(ti)(ti)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乳(ru)(ru)液(ye)(ye)，同時對涂(tu)(tu)膜有(you)一(yi)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)增韌作用(yong)(yong)(yong)；Ⅳ型(xing)水(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)，由水(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乳(ru)(ru)液(ye)(ye)和(he)(he)聚(ju)氨酯(zhi)改性(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)固(gu)(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)劑(ji)組(zu)成，用(yong)(yong)(yong)適(shi)(shi)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)聚(ju)氨酯(zhi)改性(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)制得綜合(he)性(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)良好的(de)(de)(de)聚(ju)氨酯(zhi)改性(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)固(gu)(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)劑(ji)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)它(ta)來固(gu)(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乳(ru)(ru)液(ye)(ye)以(yi)改善水(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)涂(tu)(tu)料的(de)(de)(de)性(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)。
固(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)效果是衡量(liang)水(shui)性(xing)(xing)體系產品的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)指標。水(shui)性(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)脂體系的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)固(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)成(cheng)膜機理水(shui)性(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)脂涂(tu)(tu)料是一種(zhong)乳(ru)(ru)液(ye)涂(tu)(tu)料，其(qi)成(cheng)膜機理與(yu)(yu)一般的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)聚合(he)物(wu)乳(ru)(ru)液(ye)涂(tu)(tu)料如丙烯酸(suan)乳(ru)(ru)液(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)膜有很大的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)區(qu)別，同時(shi)與(yu)(yu)溶劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)型(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)脂涂(tu)(tu)料的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)膜也(ye)不完全相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)同。對于水(shui)性(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)脂涂(tu)(tu)料，其(qi)固(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)是否充(chong)分(fen)(fen)主(zhu)要(yao)取決于以下兩(liang)(liang)個因素：一是環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)脂分(fen)(fen)散相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)粒子的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)粒徑，在(zai)保證水(shui)性(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)固(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)用(yong)量(liang)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)同的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情況下，環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)脂分(fen)(fen)散相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)粒子的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)粒徑較小時(shi)，粒子表(biao)面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)固(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)濃度(du)較為適中，表(biao)面(mian)固(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)速度(du)較慢，固(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)分(fen)(fen)子有足夠的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)間(jian)擴(kuo)散到整個環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)脂分(fen)(fen)散相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)粒子，使之固(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)完全，因而可(ke)以形成(cheng)均勻、完全固(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)涂(tu)(tu)膜；二是環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)固(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)與(yu)(yu)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)脂的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)容(rong)性(xing)(xing)，提高環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)固(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)與(yu)(yu)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)脂的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)容(rong)性(xing)(xing)，有利于水(shui)性(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)脂乳(ru)(ru)液(ye)分(fen)(fen)散后(hou)體系的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)穩定性(xing)(xing)，并且兩(liang)(liang)者的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)容(rong)性(xing)(xing)越好，環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)固(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)越容(rong)易向環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)脂微粒內部擴(kuo)散，有利于固(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)反應的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)進行(xing)。
雙組(zu)分(fen)(fen)反應(ying)(ying)性(xing)涂料都有(you)一個(ge)適用(yong)(yong)期的(de)(de)問題(ti)。由于(yu)水(shui)(shui)性(xing)環(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)樹(shu)脂(zhi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)與溶(rong)劑(ji)型環(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)樹(shu)脂(zhi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)固化(hua)成膜機理有(you)所不同，因(yin)而(er)(er)適用(yong)(yong)期的(de)(de)判(pan)(pan)斷準則也不完全相同。對(dui)溶(rong)劑(ji)型環(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)樹(shu)脂(zhi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)，體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)粘(zhan)度(du)隨擱置時間(jian)的(de)(de)延(yan)長(chang)而(er)(er)不斷增(zeng)大(da)，故該體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)適用(yong)(yong)期可用(yong)(yong)粘(zhan)度(du)隨時間(jian)的(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)化(hua)來表示，即從兩(liang)(liang)個(ge)組(zu)分(fen)(fen)混(hun)合(he)至體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)粘(zhan)度(du)增(zeng)大(da)到無法施工的(de)(de)時間(jian)。但對(dui)水(shui)(shui)性(xing)環(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)樹(shu)脂(zhi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)，則不能(neng)用(yong)(yong)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)粘(zhan)度(du)隨時間(jian)的(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)化(hua)來判(pan)(pan)定，環(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)樹(shu)脂(zhi)乳液以及相應(ying)(ying)配得的(de)(de)清漆都會(hui)顯(xian)示出(chu)觸(chu)變(bian)(bian)性(xing)和假塑性(xing)，屬(shu)于(yu)典(dian)型的(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)分(fen)(fen)散(san)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)。水(shui)(shui)性(xing)環(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)樹(shu)脂(zhi)涂料的(de)(de)兩(liang)(liang)個(ge)組(zu)分(fen)(fen)混(hun)合(he)后體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)粘(zhan)度(du)變(bian)(bian)化(hua)比較(jiao)復雜，有(you)的(de)(de)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)粘(zhan)度(du)隨擱置時間(jian)的(de)(de)延(yan)長(chang)逐(zhu)步(bu)增(zeng)加，而(er)(er)有(you)的(de)(de)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)粘(zhan)度(du)在兩(liang)(liang)個(ge)組(zu)分(fen)(fen)混(hun)合(he)后迅速下降，并在較(jiao)長(chang)時間(jian)內基本保持不變(bian)(bian)