水(shui)性(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧樹(shu)脂以其突出的性(xing)能優勢，使制備得到(dao)的水(shui)性(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧樹(shu)脂涂料同樣(yang)具有優異的性(xing)能，從而在(zai)水(shui)性(xing)產(chan)品大家族里地位越來越重(zhong)要，專家認為水(shui)性(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧樹(shu)脂在(zai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)保(bao)化的今(jin)天，前景十分開闊。
水(shui)(shui)性(xing)環(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)脂(zhi)是(shi)指環(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)脂(zhi)以微(wei)粒(li)或液(ye)滴的(de)形式分散在(zai)以水(shui)(shui)為連續相(xiang)的(de)分散介質中而(er)配得的(de)穩定分散體系。由于環(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)脂(zhi)是(shi)線型(xing)結構的(de)熱固(gu)(gu)(gu)性(xing)樹(shu)脂(zhi)，所以施(shi)工(gong)前必須(xu)加入水(shui)(shui)性(xing)環(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)固(gu)(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)劑(ji)(ji)，在(zai)室溫環(huan)(huan)境(jing)下發生化(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)交(jiao)聯反應(ying)，環(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)脂(zhi)固(gu)(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)后就改變(bian)了原來可溶(rong)可熔的(de)性(xing)質而(er)變(bian)成不(bu)(bu)溶(rong)不(bu)(bu)熔的(de)空間網狀結構，顯示出優(you)異的(de)性(xing)能(neng)。水(shui)(shui)性(xing)環(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)脂(zhi)涂料(liao)(liao)(liao)除(chu)了具有(you)(you)溶(rong)劑(ji)(ji)型(xing)環(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)脂(zhi)涂料(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)諸多優(you)點，一(yi)是(shi)適(shi)應(ying)能(neng)力強，對(dui)眾多底材具有(you)(you)極高(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)附著力，固(gu)(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)后的(de)涂膜(mo)耐(nai)(nai)腐蝕性(xing)和(he)耐(nai)(nai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)藥品性(xing)能(neng)優(you)異，并且涂膜(mo)收縮小、硬度高(gao)(gao)(gao)、耐(nai)(nai)磨(mo)性(xing)好、電氣絕(jue)緣性(xing)能(neng)優(you)異等；二(er)是(shi)環(huan)(huan)保(bao)(bao)性(xing)能(neng)好，還(huan)具有(you)(you)不(bu)(bu)含有(you)(you)機溶(rong)劑(ji)(ji)或揮發性(xing)有(you)(you)機化(hua)(hua)(hua)合(he)物含量較低，不(bu)(bu)會造(zao)成空氣污染，因而(er)滿足當前環(huan)(huan)境(jing)保(bao)(bao)護的(de)要求；三是(shi)真正水(shui)(shui)性(xing)化(hua)(hua)(hua)，以水(shui)(shui)作為分散介質，價(jia)格低廉(lian)、無(wu)(wu)氣味(wei)、不(bu)(bu)燃，儲存、運(yun)輸(shu)和(he)使(shi)用過程中的(de)安(an)全性(xing)也(ye)大為提高(gao)(gao)(gao)；四是(shi)操(cao)作性(xing)佳，水(shui)(shui)性(xing)環(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)脂(zhi)涂料(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)施(shi)工(gong)操(cao)作性(xing)能(neng)好，施(shi)工(gong)工(gong)具可用水(shui)(shui)直接清洗，可在(zai)室溫和(he)潮濕(shi)的(de)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)中固(gu)(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)，有(you)(you)合(he)理的(de)固(gu)(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)時間，并保(bao)(bao)證(zheng)有(you)(you)很高(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)交(jiao)聯密度。這是(shi)通常的(de)水(shui)(shui)性(xing)丙(bing)烯酸涂料(liao)(liao)(liao)和(he)水(shui)(shui)性(xing)聚氨酯(zhi)涂料(liao)(liao)(liao)所無(wu)(wu)法比擬(ni)的(de)。
合理選擇環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)基材、固化(hua)(hua)劑(ji)(ji)以及(ji)各(ge)種改(gai)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)劑(ji)(ji)和(he)(he)助劑(ji)(ji)，就可(ke)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)備(bei)出(chu)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)各(ge)異的(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)涂(tu)(tu)(tu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)。水(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)涂(tu)(tu)(tu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)諸(zhu)多性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)特點決定(ding)了其(qi)與(yu)溶(rong)(rong)劑(ji)(ji)型(xing)或(huo)無溶(rong)(rong)劑(ji)(ji)型(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)涂(tu)(tu)(tu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)相比具(ju)有(you)更為廣泛(fan)的(de)(de)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)前景(jing)。中(zhong)國環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行業協會專家介紹說(shuo)，目前水(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)涂(tu)(tu)(tu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)主(zhu)要包括(kuo)下(xia)面(mian)幾個方面(mian)：一是(shi)工(gong)業地(di)(di)(di)坪(ping)(ping)涂(tu)(tu)(tu)裝，可(ke)作(zuo)為高性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)適(shi)應(ying)型(xing)地(di)(di)(di)坪(ping)(ping)涂(tu)(tu)(tu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)替代溶(rong)(rong)劑(ji)(ji)型(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)涂(tu)(tu)(tu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)，也可(ke)作(zuo)為聚(ju)合物成(cheng)(cheng)分(fen)(fen)摻入(ru)水(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)砂漿(jiang)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)成(cheng)(cheng)高性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)聚(ju)合物砂漿(jiang)地(di)(di)(di)坪(ping)(ping)材料(liao)(liao)(liao)；三是(shi)木(mu)(mu)質(zhi)地(di)(di)(di)板涂(tu)(tu)(tu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)，可(ke)配(pei)(pei)(pei)成(cheng)(cheng)清漆(qi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于木(mu)(mu)質(zhi)地(di)(di)(di)板，替代目前市場上廣泛(fan)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)溶(rong)(rong)劑(ji)(ji)型(xing)聚(ju)氨酯(zhi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)晶地(di)(di)(di)板漆(qi)，配(pei)(pei)(pei)成(cheng)(cheng)色漆(qi)可(ke)替代溶(rong)(rong)劑(ji)(ji)型(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和(he)(he)聚(ju)氨酯(zhi)磁漆(qi)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于廚房、家具(ju)和(he)(he)機械(xie)設備(bei)等；四(si)是(shi)建(jian)筑工(gong)程抗滲，借(jie)助水(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)涂(tu)(tu)(tu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)優(you)(you)良(liang)的(de)(de)機械(xie)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)和(he)(he)與(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)良(liang)好的(de)(de)配(pei)(pei)(pei)伍性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)備(bei)高強混凝(ning)土(tu)，其(qi)中(zhong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)涂(tu)(tu)(tu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)作(zuo)為輔助成(cheng)(cheng)分(fen)(fen)加到(dao)混凝(ning)土(tu)或(huo)水(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)砂漿(jiang)中(zhong)，并可(ke)提高混凝(ning)土(tu)的(de)(de)抗滲性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)；五(wu)是(shi)建(jian)筑粘接防(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)，利用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)對(dui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)材料(liao)(liao)(liao)和(he)(he)眾多有(you)機材料(liao)(liao)(liao)良(liang)好的(de)(de)粘接性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)以及(ji)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)本身優(you)(you)異的(de)(de)機械(xie)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)和(he)(he)耐(nai)化(hua)(hua)學藥品(pin)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)作(zuo)為混凝(ning)土(tu)粘接劑(ji)(ji)和(he)(he)防(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)堵漏(lou)材料(liao)(liao)(liao)；六是(shi)防(fang)(fang)腐處理和(he)(he)其(qi)它用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)途(tu)，利用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)優(you)(you)異的(de)(de)耐(nai)腐蝕(shi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)作(zuo)為防(fang)(fang)腐蝕(shi)涂(tu)(tu)(tu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)作(zuo)鋼鐵和(he)(he)船舶(bo)的(de)(de)防(fang)(fang)腐底漆(qi)，與(yu)其(qi)它通用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)乳(ru)(ru)液如聚(ju)丙烯(xi)酸乳(ru)(ru)液、水(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)聚(ju)氨酯(zhi)配(pei)(pei)(pei)合使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)起協同效應(ying)得到(dao)具(ju)有(you)不同性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)涂(tu)(tu)(tu)層。
室溫固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)涂(tu)料體(ti)(ti)系(xi)一(yi)(yi)般(ban)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)為(wei)四類：Ⅰ型(xing)(xing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)，由低分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)子(zi)(zi)量(liang)的液(ye)(ye)體(ti)(ti)環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)當(dang)量(liang)在190左右)和水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)組(zu)成，這(zhe)類體(ti)(ti)系(xi)中的環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)般(ban)預先不乳(ru)(ru)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)，而由水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)在使用(yong)(yong)(yong)前(qian)混合乳(ru)(ru)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)，因(yin)而這(zhe)類固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)必(bi)須既是交聯劑(ji)(ji)(ji)又是乳(ru)(ru)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)，它能夠很好地分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)散或溶解在水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中，從而對低分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)子(zi)(zi)量(liang)的液(ye)(ye)體(ti)(ti)環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)具有良好的乳(ru)(ru)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)作用(yong)(yong)(yong)，可配(pei)成零VOC涂(tu)料，涂(tu)膜(mo)硬度(du)增長較快；Ⅱ型(xing)(xing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)，由高分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)子(zi)(zi)量(liang)的固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)體(ti)(ti)環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乳(ru)(ru)液(ye)(ye)和水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)組(zu)成，由于高分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)子(zi)(zi)量(liang)環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的反應(ying)活(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)較低分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)子(zi)(zi)量(liang)環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)小，因(yin)此Ⅱ型(xing)(xing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)的適用(yong)(yong)(yong)期較Ⅰ型(xing)(xing)長、表干時間較Ⅰ型(xing)(xing)短；Ⅲ型(xing)(xing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)，由低分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)子(zi)(zi)量(liang)的液(ye)(ye)體(ti)(ti)環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乳(ru)(ru)液(ye)(ye)和水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)組(zu)成，新(xin)型(xing)(xing)反應(ying)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乳(ru)(ru)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)既含有表面活(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)作用(yong)(yong)(yong)的鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)段(duan)(親水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)段(duan))、又含有環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)段(duan)(親油(you)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)段(duan))，大(da)(da)大(da)(da)改(gai)善了乳(ru)(ru)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)與(yu)環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的相容性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，可配(pei)制(zhi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)散相平(ping)均粒徑為(wei)約1～2μm的低分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)子(zi)(zi)量(liang)液(ye)(ye)體(ti)(ti)環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乳(ru)(ru)液(ye)(ye)，同時對涂(tu)膜(mo)有一(yi)(yi)定的增韌(ren)作用(yong)(yong)(yong)；Ⅳ型(xing)(xing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)，由水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乳(ru)(ru)液(ye)(ye)和聚氨酯改(gai)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)組(zu)成，用(yong)(yong)(yong)適量(liang)的聚氨酯改(gai)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)制(zhi)得綜合性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能良好的聚氨酯改(gai)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)它來固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乳(ru)(ru)液(ye)(ye)以(yi)改(gai)善水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)涂(tu)料的性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能。
固(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)效果(guo)是(shi)衡量(liang)水(shui)(shui)性(xing)體系(xi)產品的(de)(de)(de)重要指標。水(shui)(shui)性(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)體系(xi)的(de)(de)(de)固(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)成(cheng)膜機理(li)水(shui)(shui)性(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)涂(tu)(tu)(tu)料(liao)是(shi)一種乳液涂(tu)(tu)(tu)料(liao)，其成(cheng)膜機理(li)與一般的(de)(de)(de)聚(ju)合(he)物乳液涂(tu)(tu)(tu)料(liao)如(ru)丙烯(xi)酸乳液的(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)膜有(you)(you)很大的(de)(de)(de)區(qu)別，同(tong)時(shi)(shi)與溶劑型環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)涂(tu)(tu)(tu)料(liao)的(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)膜也不完(wan)全(quan)相(xiang)同(tong)。對于水(shui)(shui)性(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)涂(tu)(tu)(tu)料(liao)，其固(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)是(shi)否充分(fen)主要取(qu)決于以下兩個(ge)因(yin)素：一是(shi)環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)分(fen)散(san)相(xiang)粒子(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)粒徑，在保(bao)證(zheng)水(shui)(shui)性(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)固(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)劑用量(liang)相(xiang)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)情況下，環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)分(fen)散(san)相(xiang)粒子(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)粒徑較小時(shi)(shi)，粒子(zi)(zi)表面(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)固(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)劑濃度較為(wei)適中，表面(mian)(mian)固(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)速度較慢(man)，固(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)劑分(fen)子(zi)(zi)有(you)(you)足夠的(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)間擴(kuo)散(san)到整(zheng)個(ge)環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)分(fen)散(san)相(xiang)粒子(zi)(zi)，使之固(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)完(wan)全(quan)，因(yin)而可以形成(cheng)均勻、完(wan)全(quan)固(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)涂(tu)(tu)(tu)膜；二(er)是(shi)環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)固(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)劑與環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)相(xiang)容(rong)(rong)(rong)性(xing)，提(ti)高(gao)環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)固(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)劑與環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)相(xiang)容(rong)(rong)(rong)性(xing)，有(you)(you)利于水(shui)(shui)性(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)乳液分(fen)散(san)后體系(xi)的(de)(de)(de)穩定性(xing)，并(bing)且兩者(zhe)的(de)(de)(de)相(xiang)容(rong)(rong)(rong)性(xing)越(yue)好(hao)，環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)固(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)劑越(yue)容(rong)(rong)(rong)易向環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)微粒內部(bu)擴(kuo)散(san)，有(you)(you)利于固(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)反應的(de)(de)(de)進行。
雙組分(fen)反應(ying)性涂料都(dou)有一個(ge)適(shi)用(yong)(yong)期的(de)(de)(de)(de)問題。由于(yu)(yu)水性環(huan)氧(yang)樹(shu)脂(zhi)體(ti)系與溶(rong)劑(ji)型環(huan)氧(yang)樹(shu)脂(zhi)體(ti)系的(de)(de)(de)(de)固(gu)化成(cheng)膜機理有所(suo)不同，因而適(shi)用(yong)(yong)期的(de)(de)(de)(de)判(pan)斷準則也不完全(quan)相同。對(dui)溶(rong)劑(ji)型環(huan)氧(yang)樹(shu)脂(zhi)體(ti)系，體(ti)系的(de)(de)(de)(de)粘(zhan)度(du)(du)隨(sui)擱置時(shi)(shi)(shi)間的(de)(de)(de)(de)延(yan)長(chang)而不斷增大，故該體(ti)系的(de)(de)(de)(de)適(shi)用(yong)(yong)期可用(yong)(yong)粘(zhan)度(du)(du)隨(sui)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間的(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)化來表示(shi)，即(ji)從兩(liang)個(ge)組分(fen)混合(he)至體(ti)系粘(zhan)度(du)(du)增大到(dao)無法(fa)施工的(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間。但對(dui)水性環(huan)氧(yang)樹(shu)脂(zhi)體(ti)系，則不能用(yong)(yong)體(ti)系粘(zhan)度(du)(du)隨(sui)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間的(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)化來判(pan)定，環(huan)氧(yang)樹(shu)脂(zhi)乳液以及相應(ying)配得的(de)(de)(de)(de)清漆都(dou)會顯示(shi)出(chu)觸變(bian)性和假塑性，屬(shu)于(yu)(yu)典型的(de)(de)(de)(de)水分(fen)散體(ti)系。水性環(huan)氧(yang)樹(shu)脂(zhi)涂料的(de)(de)(de)(de)兩(liang)個(ge)組分(fen)混合(he)后體(ti)系粘(zhan)度(du)(du)變(bian)化比較(jiao)復雜(za)，有的(de)(de)(de)(de)體(ti)系的(de)(de)(de)(de)粘(zhan)度(du)(du)隨(sui)擱置時(shi)(shi)(shi)間的(de)(de)(de)(de)延(yan)長(chang)逐步增加，而有的(de)(de)(de)(de)體(ti)系粘(zhan)度(du)(du)在兩(liang)個(ge)組分(fen)混合(he)后迅速(su)下降(jiang)，并(bing)在較(jiao)長(chang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間內基本保持(chi)不變(bian)