張氏帥(shuai)府(fu)又稱“大(da)帥(shuai)府(fu)”或“少帥(shuai)府(fu)”。總(zong)占地3.6萬平(ping)方米(mi),總(zong)建筑面積為2.76萬平(ping)方米(mi),是迄今東北地區保存最為完好(hao)的名人故居。
張(zhang)氏帥(shuai)(shuai)府是由東(dong)院、中(zhong)院、西院和院外建(jian)筑等四(si)個(ge)部(bu)分組成的(de)龐大(da)(da)建(jian)筑群(qun)(qun),其中(zhong)既有中(zhong)國傳統風格的(de)四(si)合院、水榭亭臺的(de)帥(shuai)(shuai)府花園,又有歐(ou)式(shi)風情(qing)的(de)大(da)(da)青(qing)樓(lou)、邊(bian)業銀行、紅樓(lou)群(qun)(qun),以(yi)及中(zhong)西合璧(bi)式(shi)的(de)小(xiao)青(qing)樓(lou)和趙(zhao)四(si)小(xiao)姐樓(lou)。1991年,,張(zhang)氏帥(shuai)(shuai)府被列為我國優秀近代建(jian)筑群(qun)(qun)。
張氏帥(shuai)府內大量的(de)石雕、木(mu)雕、磚(zhuan)雕和壁畫作品飽含濃郁的(de)東(dong)北(bei)民(min)俗風情,它們取材(cai)廣泛、寓意深遠(yuan)、制作精(jing)美(mei),個個栩(xu)栩(xu)如生(sheng),是研(yan)究中國(guo)建(jian)筑藝(yi)術與民(min)間習(xi)俗的(de)珍貴(gui)藝(yi)術資(zi)料(liao)。
館內基本陳列《千古功臣——張(zhang)學良(liang)將軍業績展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)》、《張(zhang)作(zuo)霖(lin)生平大(da)事與張(zhang)氏家族(zu)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)》、《張(zhang)學思(si)將軍業績展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)》,全面展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)示了(le)張(zhang)氏父(fu)子(zi)兩(liang)代(dai)人不(bu)同(tong)的(de)人生經歷;張(zhang)作(zuo)霖(lin)辦(ban)公(gong)室、張(zhang)學良(liang)辦(ban)公(gong)室、東(dong)北政務委員會辦(ban)公(gong)室、老虎廳、小青(qing)樓、趙四小姐樓等一系列的(de)復(fu)原陳列展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)覽(lan),再現了(le)張(zhang)氏家族(zu)當年生活及重大(da)歷史事件的(de)場景。
大(da)(da)青樓(lou)是(shi)張氏帥(shuai)府(fu)的(de)標(biao)志性建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑,建(jian)(jian)(jian)于1918年(nian)——1922年(nian),為(wei)仿羅(luo)馬式(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑,因該樓(lou)采用(yong)青磚建(jian)(jian)(jian)造(zao),故稱大(da)(da)青樓(lou)。大(da)(da)青樓(lou)總建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑面積2460平(ping)方米,樓(lou)高37米,是(shi)當時(shi)奉天城的(de)最高點之一。整體建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑富麗堂皇,外部立體浮雕(diao)造(zao)型(xing)生動、工(gong)藝精湛(zhan),內部主(zhu)要房間的(de)壁畫裝(zhuang)飾技藝獨特(te),具有較高藝術(shu)價值。大(da)(da)青樓(lou)堪(kan)稱民國(guo)時(shi)期東(dong)北建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑的(de)經典之作(zuo)。大(da)(da)青樓(lou)融辦公與居住(zhu)為(wei)一體,作(zuo)為(wei)張作(zuo)霖(lin)、張學良父子兩代主(zhu)政東(dong)北時(shi)期的(de)重(zhong)要辦公場所,曾(ceng)歷(li)經兩次直奉大(da)(da)戰、東(dong)北易幟、處(chu)決楊、常、武(wu)裝(zhuang)調停(ting)中原大(da)(da)戰等重(zhong)大(da)(da)歷(li)史事件,蘊藏著(zhu)豐富的(de)歷(li)史內涵,是(shi)東(dong)北近(jin)現代歷(li)史的(de)見證和縮影。
小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)位于(yu)(yu)張氏帥府(fu)的(de)(de)(de)東(dong)(dong)院,由(you)于(yu)(yu)地(di)處帥府(fu)花園(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)心(xin),又(you)有(you)“園(yuan)中(zhong)花廳(ting)”的(de)(de)(de)美譽,是(shi)一座(zuo)中(zhong)西(xi)(xi)合璧式(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)二層磚木結構小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou),建(jian)(jian)(jian)成(cheng)于(yu)(yu)1918年(nian)(nian)(nian),因(yin)其采(cai)用(yong)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)磚青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)瓦(wa)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)而(er)成(cheng),俗稱小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)。它是(shi)張作(zuo)霖(lin)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)他最寵愛的(de)(de)(de)五夫人(ren)(ren)壽氏專門修建(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)。小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)面(mian)積450平方米(mi),小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)巧精(jing)美、造型獨特,整座(zuo)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)體呈凹字形,中(zhong)間為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)兩(liang)層高(gao)門樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou),二樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)有(you)外廊(lang)式(shi)(shi)陽臺,其正面(mian)朱漆廊(lang)柱、雕梁畫(hua)棟、彩繪雀替(ti),體現出傳統的(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)風(feng)格,小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)梟混線條的(de)(de)(de)雕飾(shi)(shi)、窗口飾(shi)(shi)以(yi)鎮(zhen)石、樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)后(hou)(hou)頂部(bu)砌有(you)環(huan)形女(nv)(nv)(nv)(nv)兒墻等手法則是(shi)典型的(de)(de)(de)西(xi)(xi)洋(yang)風(feng)格。小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)是(shi)一座(zuo)典型的(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)西(xi)(xi)合璧式(shi)(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)。小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)張氏帥府(fu)第一座(zuo)仿西(xi)(xi)式(shi)(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu),它采(cai)用(yong)了(le)大量的(de)(de)(de)木雕、磚雕等中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)傳統工藝來裝飾(shi)(shi)。分(fen)布(bu)在小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)的(de)(de)(de)28幅雀替(ti)木雕,多以(yi)梅花、柳枝、蘭花為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu),雖風(feng)格各(ge)異,但各(ge)個(ge)栩(xu)栩(xu)如生(sheng)(sheng)。而(er)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)兩(liang)側壯頭的(de)(de)(de)垂簾磚雕,以(yi)寓(yu)意深遠(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)松、鶴(he)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)畫(hua)面(mian)外,飾(shi)(shi)以(yi)代(dai)表吉(ji)祥、喜慶的(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)結,整組構圖(tu)搭配和(he)(he)諧,布(bu)局嚴謹對稱,具有(you)較(jiao)強(qiang)的(de)(de)(de)藝術(shu)觀賞性。小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)最為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)考(kao)究的(de)(de)(de)是(shi),它的(de)(de)(de)每個(ge)門窗的(de)(de)(de)上面(mian)均采(cai)用(yong)鎮(zhen)石磚雕裝飾(shi)(shi),這些鎮(zhen)石磚雕以(yi)花、鳥(niao)圖(tu)案為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu),形象逼真,令人(ren)(ren)嘆為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)觀止。小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)外部(bu)裝飾(shi)(shi)精(jing)美,內(nei)部(bu)裝修同(tong)樣豪(hao)華(hua)氣派。小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)上下(xia)兩(liang)層,內(nei)設5個(ge)房間。其中(zhong),一樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)東(dong)(dong)、西(xi)(xi)兩(liang)個(ge)房間分(fen)別為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)壽夫人(ren)(ren)臥室和(he)(he)會客(ke)廳(ting),二樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)除東(dong)(dong)西(xi)(xi)兩(liang)個(ge)居(ju)(ju)(ju)室外,還設有(you)一個(ge)寬敞的(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)廳(ting)。小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)是(shi)沈陽地(di)區近代(dai)較(jiao)有(you)代(dai)表性的(de)(de)(de)優秀建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)之一。壽夫人(ren)(ren)搬到(dao)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)后(hou)(hou),為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)避免(mian)引起其她幾位夫人(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)不滿(man),聰明的(de)(de)(de)壽夫人(ren)(ren)把大夫人(ren)(ren)趙氏生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)女(nv)(nv)(nv)(nv)兒首芳(fang)、二夫人(ren)(ren)盧(lu)氏的(de)(de)(de)二女(nv)(nv)(nv)(nv)兒懷英、四(si)女(nv)(nv)(nv)(nv)兒懷卿、四(si)夫人(ren)(ren)許氏生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)三女(nv)(nv)(nv)(nv)兒懷曈、五女(nv)(nv)(nv)(nv)兒懷曦接(jie)到(dao)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)二樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)居(ju)(ju)(ju)住(zhu)(zhu),所(suo)以(yi)早期(qi)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)亦被稱為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)姐樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)”。 1923年(nian)(nian)(nian),當壽夫人(ren)(ren)得知張作(zuo)霖(lin)在天(tian)津相中(zhong)了(le)天(tian)寶戲班的(de)(de)(de)馬(ma)月(yue)清后(hou)(hou),立即親赴天(tian)津將馬(ma)月(yue)清接(jie)回帥府(fu),并(bing)以(yi)貼身(shen)(shen)丫鬟的(de)(de)(de)名義,安排馬(ma)月(yue)清在小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)二樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)居(ju)(ju)(ju)住(zhu)(zhu)。1924年(nian)(nian)(nian)馬(ma)月(yue)清生(sheng)(sheng)下(xia)女(nv)(nv)(nv)(nv)兒懷敏后(hou)(hou),母(mu)女(nv)(nv)(nv)(nv)始搬到(dao)大青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)居(ju)(ju)(ju)住(zhu)(zhu)。此(ci)后(hou)(hou),隨著(zhu)幾位小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)姐的(de)(de)(de)陸(lu)續出嫁,小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)便(bian)成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)壽夫人(ren)(ren)與其四(si)個(ge)兒子學(xue)森、學(xue)俊、學(xue)英、學(xue)銓單獨居(ju)(ju)(ju)住(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)地(di)方。小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)也(ye)是(shi)張作(zuo)霖(lin)日(ri)常生(sheng)(sheng)活起居(ju)(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)(de)一個(ge)重要場所(suo)。1928年(nian)(nian)(nian)6月(yue)4日(ri),在皇姑屯事件中(zhong)被炸成(cheng)重傷的(de)(de)(de)張作(zuo)霖(lin)就是(shi)在這里走完了(le)他短暫而(er)充滿(man)傳奇的(de)(de)(de)一生(sheng)(sheng)。自1931年(nian)(nian)(nian)九一八(ba)事變(bian),帥府(fu)被日(ri)本人(ren)(ren)占領后(hou)(hou),小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)的(de)(de)(de)使(shi)用(yong)屢經(jing)變(bian)遷,先是(shi)同(tong)大青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)一道(dao)經(jing)過改(gai)造,被辟為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)偽滿(man)洲國(guo)(guo)國(guo)(guo)立圖(tu)書館(guan)(guan)。1946年(nian)(nian)(nian)2月(yue),大青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)被國(guo)(guo)民(min)黨沈陽黨部(bu)占用(yong)后(hou)(hou),小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)又(you)成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)黨部(bu)書記章寶慈的(de)(de)(de)私(si)人(ren)(ren)居(ju)(ju)(ju)所(suo)。1948年(nian)(nian)(nian)沈陽解放(fang)后(hou)(hou),小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)由(you)東(dong)(dong)北圖(tu)書館(guan)(guan)使(shi)用(yong),初為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)單身(shen)(shen)宿舍和(he)(he)辦(ban)公(gong)室,1949年(nian)(nian)(nian)被辟為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)兒童閱覽室。1952年(nian)(nian)(nian)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)被改(gai)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)遼寧(ning)省作(zuo)家(jia)協會家(jia)屬(shu)宿舍。1973年(nian)(nian)(nian)以(yi)后(hou)(hou),小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)歸遼寧(ning)省圖(tu)書館(guan)(guan),作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)家(jia)屬(shu)宿舍使(shi)用(yong)。1990年(nian)(nian)(nian)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)正式(shi)(shi)劃(hua)歸張學(xue)良舊居(ju)(ju)(ju)陳(chen)列(lie)館(guan)(guan),經(jing)過重新修繕,于(yu)(yu)2001年(nian)(nian)(nian)對外開放(fang)。